Sanlexicon M - N
Content Table
- Mapet
- Market research
- Marketing
- Marketing approach
- Micro-organism
- Multiple-Stage Filtration
- Nightsoil
- Nutrient
- Related Articles
Mapet
Manual Pit latrine Emptying Technology Project (MAPET) is a human powered mini-tanker with a 200 litre capacity designed to desludge pit latrines. It compromises of a piston hand pump mounted a 200 litre vacuum tank both mounted on pushcarts which are small enough to be pushed through the narrow streets of a cities unplanned urban areas.
Market research
A process of systematic gathering, recording and analysing of data about customers, competitors and the market. A market research can help answer the following questions:
- What is happening in the market? What are the trends? Who are the competitors?
- How do consumers talk about the products in the market?
- Which needs are important? Are the needs being met by current products?
Marketing
There is no one agreed definition, but the following all give a good indication of the marketing process.
- "A social and managerial process by which individuals and groups obtain what they need and want through creating and exchanging products and value with others." (Kotler et al.)
- "Marketing is selling goods that don’t come back to people that do."
- "Marketing is getting the right goods and services to the right people at the right place at the right time at the right price with the right communication and promotion package."
- "Creating value, communication value, making value available."
- "Anticipating, identifying and fulfilling customers needs."
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Marketing approach
Putting the needs of the target populations at the centre and having their perspective determine the nature and scope of all promotion activities. By building on the market’s proven ability to respond to consumer demand, a marketing approach encourages the private provision of household sanitation, while simultaneously promoting new demand.
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Micro-organism
Very small organisms, invisible or barely visible to the naked eye. Examples are algae, bacteria, fungi, protozoa and viruses.
Multiple-Stage Filtration
This wastewater treatment technology consists of combining thick gravel filtration with slow sand filters. Experience shows that the availability of short- and medium-term technical assistance is a critical factor to success in adoption of this technology. The MSF can comprise two or three filtration processes. An example of a three stage process consists of Thick Dynamic Filters, Thick Upward Layer Filters and Slow Sand Filters. The first two processes take place during the pre-treatment stage which helps reduce solute solid concentration. As water flows, the tiniest particles are eliminated on the way to the slow sand filter.
Nightsoil
Human excreta, with or without anal cleaning material, which are deposited in a bucket or other receptacle for manual removal (often taking place at night).
Nutrient
Any substance that is assimilated by organisms to promote or facilitate their growth.
